Раздел: Автоматизация > Автоматизированное функциональное тестирование > Выбор инструмента автоматизации тестирования
Выбор инструмента автоматизации тестирования
Выбор инструмента зачастую зависит от объекта тестирования и требований к тестовым сценариям, т.к. инструменты тестирования не могут поддерживать абсолютно все технологии, используемые при разработке приложений. То есть, выбор инструмента сводится к банальному методу проб и ошибок. В итоге, нередко мы выбираем несколько инструментов для тестирования функций приложения. Например, GUI мы проверяем посредством Mercury WinRunner, бэкенд процессы - используя "java based test tools" или другие инструменты. Основные аспекты выбора инструмента автоматизации тестирования рассмотрены в разделе "Как автоматизировать?".
Рассмотрим инструменты для автоматизированного функционального тестирования от разных производителей:
| Компания | Инструмент |
| Hewlett-Packard (Mercury Interactive) | QuickTest Professional, WinRunner |
| IBM Rational | Rational Robot, Rational Functional Tester |
| Borland (Segue) | SilkTest |
| AutomatedQA Corp | TestComplete |
| Microsoft | Microsoft VS 2005 |
| SeleniumHQ | Selenium |
Отдельным пунктом также хочется выделить Java библиотеки для автоматизированного тестирования (java based test tools and libraries):
| Инструмент | Описание |
| Selenium | Selenium is a set of different software tools each with a different approach to supporting test automation of web applications across many platforms. |
| Watij | Watij (pronounced wattage) stands for Web Application Testing in Java. Watij is a pure Java API created to allow for the automation of web applications. Based on the simplicity of Watir and enhanced by the power of Java, Watij automates functional testing of web applications through a real browser. Currently Watij supports automating Internet Explorer on Windows only. Future plans are in place to support others like Mozilla. |
| HtmlUnit | HtmlUnit is a "browser for Java programs". It models HTML documents and provides an API that allows you to invoke pages, fill out forms, click links, etc... just like you do in your "normal" browser. It has fairly good JavaScript support (which is constantly improving) and is able to work even with quite complex AJAX libraries, simulating either Firefox or Internet Explorer depending on the configuration you want to use. It is typically used for testing purposes or to retrieve information from web sites. HtmlUnit is not a generic unit testing framework. It is specifically a way to simulate a browser for testing purposes and is intended to be used within another testing framework such as JUnit or TestNG |
| HttpUnit | Written in Java, HttpUnit emulates the relevant portions of browser behavior, including form submission, JavaScript, basic http authentication, cookies and automatic page redirection, and allows Java test code to examine returned pages either as text, an XML DOM, or containers of forms, tables, and links. When combined with a framework such as JUnit, it is fairly easy to write tests that very quickly verify the functioning of a web site. |
| Jamaleon | Jameleon is an automated testing framework that can be easily used by technical and non-technical users alike. One of the main concepts behind Jameleon is to create a group of keywords or tags that represent different screens of an application. All of the logic required to automate each particular screen can be defined in Java and mapped to these keywords. The keywords can then be organized with different data sets to form test scripts without requiring an in-depth knowledge of how the application works. The test scripts are then used to automate testing and to generate manual test case documentation. |
| Junit | JUnit is a simple framework to write repeatable tests. It is an instance of the xUnit architecture for unit testing frameworks. |
| Abbot | Abbot is a simple framework for unit and functional testing of Java GUIs. Facilitates generating user actions and examining component state. Supports recording and playback on any Java application. |
| Marathon | With Marathon you capture user interactions on the applications and also insert assertions to verify that correct processing is taking place. The generated raw script can be re-factored to modules for efficient reuse and maintainability. Replay the scripts either manually or integrate Marathon into your build process for automatic execution of the test suites. |
Так же существует огромное количество фреймворков и инструментов, ориентированных не только на Java, но и на другие языки программирования, такие как: ruby, php, C#, javascript, python, perl и т.д. Их обзор мы проведем в ближайшее время.
